Eye disease in children
can be congenital may also be obtained. That is, innate, can be derived
can also not derivative. And because most eye diseases require early so as
not to exacerbate the correction of vision, attention to some of the children's
eye disorders requires greater attention.
If collected, at least there are ten
types of diseases, disorders or eye abnormalities that may occur in
children. Not everything can be corrected. But can be bad
consequences if ignored or corrected too late. Tenth disease can last you
see below.
1. Color Blind
Color blindness clearly
hereditary diseases. More often in boys than girls. Carried by the
chromosome Y. until now there is no treatment for color
blindness. Japan's new is being tried to replace keruucut cells in the
retina, the causes of color blindness, but has not been declared a success.
Children blind from
birth do not know the color of red, green, and blue as well. The light was
still able to distinguish, but the weight, only capable of black and white with
shades of sheer. So that his perceptions of the three different colors
into a normal person.
Sometimes the child is unconscious, he
was suffering from color blindness. Even parents may not even know the
child is color blind. Especially if a light color blind.So often surprised
when I entered college for the majors because of electrical engineering and
medicine, for example, should not be color blind.
Keep in mind, in
the retina there are two types of cells, namely stem cells and cone
cells. Stem cells for the ability to distinguish light dark, medium cone
cells to differentiate colors. In children of color blindness, retinal
cone cells in the eyes, abnormal so impaired his ability to distinguish colors
red, green and blue in varying degrees,
By reading the Ishihara test, color
blindness diagnosed. The book contains pictures that read the numbers, in
such a way, so that color blind people can not just read the numbers that
normal people can see it clearly.
2. Cockeye
Crossed eyes also are innate from
birth. There are several types kejulingan, from mild to
severe. Generally there is a neurological disorder because of the eyeball,
so that the eyeball axis is not normal and needs to be corrected.
If it is not
inborn, acquired strabismus afterwards. Could be due to severe
cataracts.In adults suddenly squint need to watch out, because it may be a
manifestation of abnormalities in the brain or kenker nose throat. In children
it could be a result of malignant tumors inside the eyeball.
Crossed eyes need to be
corrected in order keteajaman child's vision develops normally. If not,
the child does not learn to see normally. And then the child's eyes can
become abnormal.
3. Glaucoma
Penyakot this disease is
elevated eye pressure, so it coud sarafmata and cause damage to the
retina. In addition to come by, especially for the elderly, glaucoma can
also be derived from the innate indeed. From birth the child eye pressure
is rising.
Elevated eye pressure caused by a
disturbance of the fluid flow system in the eyeball that can be
congenital. As a result of this dam eyeball fluid, symptoms of eye
pressure is elevated.
These diseases cause
severe pain in the eyeballs adan head. Besides the eye appear red. In
the already heavy, timbuk also impaired vision. Besides less sharp, field
of view was suddenly reduced. Something is lost in sight
screen. Previously patients could happen to see a shadow like a rainbow
around the bulb.
If the drugs do not help,
usually done pemmbedahan action with the aim that the fluid flow becomes normal
eyeball dehingga not occur dam and eye pressure can be normal.
4. Bufthalmus
The disease is also
classified as diseases of the eye with an elevated eye pressure since
birth. Due to the elevated eye pressure, eye size is very large
baby. This situation is disturbing corneas. Children's fear of seeing
the light, eyelid disorders arise, kornes swell, and the cornea becomes cloudy
color.
To reduce dam eyeball
fluid, which makes the eye pressure rises incision surgery (goniotomy) as soon
as possible so that the development of the eye and visual acuity until the
child is not disturbed.
5. Cataract EYE
Yes, not just the elderly
who could cataract or eye lens opacities, newborn babies can also suffer from
cataracts. These congenital abnormalities. Usually born to mothers
who suffered from German measles infection, toxoplasmosis, or diabetes.In
addition, due to hereditary factors.
Infants with cataracts
need surgery if the eye fundus reflex absent or cataracts is total. That
is, for visual development until the child is not inhibited. Surgery is
usually performed after a 2-year-old child. If allowed to develop into the
possibility of child squint or abnormal movements of the eyeballs (nystagmus).
6. Ptosis
The disease is nicknamed
'sleepy eyes' cause the sufferer such as drowsiness continues. Upper
eyelid can not open completely, so it tends to be low and down because the
muscles of his eyelids weak lever.
To correct myself, ptosis
patients seemed typical. His forehead was frowned and tilted his eyebrows
and hold. This disease can cause muscle weakness eyelid is obtained, can
also cause hereditary disease myastenia gravis. For the correction of
muscle weakness before surgery was performed one year old child.
7. Eye Infection
Eye infections of many
kinds. The most frequent infections of the mucous membranes of the whites
of the eyes and eyelids (conjunctivitis) or known as red eye disease.
Causes of eye infection can by all
kinds of germs, ranging from viruses, bacteria, fungi, to parasites. Not
rare because of allergies, whether originating from outside such as pollen,
kimawi substances, or may be allergic from within, ie people with tuberculosis,
diseases of the blood or lymph node disease.
Red eye from birth can be
caused by germs that mothers chalamydia idap in pubic.Can also by gonorrhea
bacteria from the mother with the same disease. Signs and symptoms are
almost the same. Swollen red eyes and a lot more like dirt eyes pus.
In newborn infants usually are
routinely given eye drops immediately after birth so rarely found in cases of
eye infection right now. But a baby who is assisted by traditional birth
peraji, baby eye infection is still frequently found.
By gonorrhea eye
infection from the mother usually appearing at seudah children aged 2
years. Red and inflamed eye lids. A lot of eye dirt around the
eyeball. This could dioobati until healed. But the mother should be
treated well so as not to infect her baby might be born by then.
Eye infection acquired
many kinds. There are outbreaks so that in certain seasons many people are
sick of red eye. The disease is transmitted through the air. Viruses
and germs circulating in the air in public places or through items that people
use, such as handkerchiefs, glasses, towels or pillowcases, and contact lenses.
With eye drops or
ointments containing antibiotics, usually red-eye diseases can be
cured. If severe, may need to take antibiotics as well.
But often encountered
sore red eye infection, treated with eye drops that can be purchased freely in
shops. This method is not only inappropriate and wrong address, it is
possible that worsening of eye disease because the medicine is not the kind of
material that was.
Drug-counter eye drops
for eye disorders due only to dust, dirt or tired eyes. Not infrequently
sore red eyes became swollen after spilled drops of the stall.
Eye infections can also be transmitted
from the pool. Usually endemic in certain seasons. Cure the
same. If a virus is the cause, the cause is different from treatment with
bacteria, fungi, or parasites.
Red eye on the baby more
often caused by infection of the tear glands or tear sac.Every day the baby's
eyes are many eye discharge, but his eyes were red.
The disease is
congenital. Why there is a blockage in the tear ducts and infection lodged
in the Sanan. Usually chronic. In addition given antibiotic drops or
ointment, do sorting at the bottom of the eyelid toward the base of the nose
that can be done alone by his mother. That is, to drain the dirt that clog
the eye in that section.
However, if in a way
that does not help, perojokan action (probing) so that the various blockage
there can be freed and the infection is no longer nested.
Tear gland infection in children is
often caused by complications of measles, mumps, or influenza. Quite often
due to tuberculosis and lymphatic disease.
If the disease on the
left unchecked, can develop chronic disease. Germs remain lodged in the
gland or disturbed without a tear sac.
Chronic eye infections
are often caused by eye disease trachoma. Diidap in a country that is
still bad sanitation and higienenya. Contagious and often chronic because
of incomplete treatment. Complications may be severe and even cause
blindness.
Oil glands cause eye
infections nodule. Small ulcers in the mouth of this gland should be
treated promptly because if it was more than two weeks, the drug was too late
and require surgical cutting untu already mnegeras eye ulcers. Operating
without ulcers, nodules do not disappear, persist, and often recur.
Nodule often
occurs in people with low personal hygiene. Bad habit of treating the eye,
rubbing his eyes, memberrsihkan eyes with your fingers, eyes water soaked or
soaking betel leaves or jasmine, the eye is less protected from dust and other
impurities.
In addition to the whites of the eyes
and mucous membranes of the eyelids, eye infections can also attack the cornea
or black eyes. This is much more dangerous because the cornea is directly related
to visual function.
Infections of the cornea
is directly related to visual function. Corneal infection should receive
greater attention in order not to cause disability that causes inflammation of
the cornea becomes impaired our vision window.
Infection can develop in
the wounded corneal puncture. Yangtertusuk cornea will be entered germs if
not protected with antibiotics and closed eyes. Corneal infections can be
bad consequences. Prick of thorns or splinters of glass on the cornea
pelru revoked and eye care needs earnestly to remain intact cornea after
healing.
Red eye can also
be caused by glaucoma and allergies. The difference with infection, or
allergy in glaucoma is usually no pain, painful, or prop eyeballs, nor are
accompanied by fever. Usually no eye discharge. Doctors can tell
which type of pink eye infection, which also is not.
8. Retinoblastoma
Malignant tumors of the
eyeball inborn. Do not know why. Tumors in the retina has been
growing since birth. Frequently missed and often new symptoms appear when
the tumor was already large. Symptoms may be sudden squint, glaucoma, the
eye is often red, and the child's visual acuity or visual acuity rapidly
declines so often replace glasses.
9. Vitamin A Deficiency
Due to lack of vitamin A,
not only causing night blindness. As the sun began to set the children are
often hit-hit stuff in front of him when walking. Penglhatannya become
blurred at times sennja day. Because stem cells in the retina impaired
function due to insufficient vitamin D in the daily menu.
If night blindness is left
without any additional vitamin A, it will develop eye abnormalities menadi
abnormalities in the white of the eye called Mr. Bitot spots. In this
phase the eye can still be saved if vitamin A is added in the daily menu.
If this disorder is
still left, the eyes will become dry and damaged cornea later.Corneal wrinkles
and shriveled and eventually rupture. Corneal conditions that result in
this kind of blindness that was not corrected anymore.
Children with normal
menu, from milk, fish and green vegetables, should not going to be deficient in
vitamin A. a piece of carrot is sufficient for the body's vitamin A
daily.But vitamin A associated with fat menu. If the child urang nutrition
and low fat menu, it will usually deficient in vitamin A.
10. Farsightedness
Children are now
threatened with nearsightedness taxable at the age of a child.Cause, well read
in a way that is less precise. Reading while lying, because that is read
more and more by the many agencies elajaran and homework. Read with less
lighting. At least need 60 watts with a reading distance of 33 cm, upright
seating position, and the object is not moving read. That is, the
healthier it is to sit and read a passage of objects placed on the
table. But children today read where and anytime. Even during the
school bus or train as well.
Secondly, the
influence of radiation own computer monitor or television. Rarely watch
kurangbya that should at least 5 times the diagonal width of the television
screen for the condition of the narrow room mamaksa children watching at close
range.
That is a lot of kids now who are
wearing glasses myopia, nearsightedness, at the age of maish very
small. And this situation often eluded their parents. Next thing I
know is bad visusnya examination time.
Now there's a way to
laser correction of nearsightedness. But recently preached this way is not
safe or have effects that are not done anymore sampinngan in several countries.
In order not to deteriorate, glasses
that fit the size needs to be used on. If erabunan still mild, the use of
glasses may restore it, but if it does not wear glasses and have high myopia,
each tahunu certainly need replacement glasses.
Beware if the myopia
quickly grew, besides resulting in koyaknya retina that can result in
blindness, must be aware of this as a gejal ggejala apenyakit other, more
dangerous, such as glaucoma, malignant tumors of the eyeball, or any other
retinal disorders.
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